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Polymer electrolytes: Fundamentals and applications

Edited by C A C Sequeira and D M F Santos, Instituto Superior Técnico, Portugal

 - provides an important review of this class of ionic conductors, their properties and applications in practical devices
 - explores categories of polymer electrolytes and conductivity measurements
 - features a comprehensive analysis of current developments in polymer electrolytes and highlights a new type of polymer electrolyte
 - reviews different types and developments in polymer electrolytes incorporating ceramic polymer electrolytes and also hybrid inorganic-organic polymer electrolytes

Polymer electrolytes are electrolytic materials that are widely used in batteries, fuel cells and other applications such as supercapacitors, photoelectrochemical and electrochromic devices. Polymer electrolytes: fundamentals and applications provides an important review of this class of ionic conductors, their properties and applications.

Part one reviews the various types of polymer electrolyte compounds, with chapters on ceramic polymer electrolytes, natural polymer-based polymer electrolytes, composite polymer electrolytes, lithium-doped hybrid polymer electrolytes, hybrid inorganic-organic polymer electrolytes. There are also chapters on ways of characterising and modelling polymer electrolytes. Part two discusses applications such as solar cells, supercapacitors, electrochromic and electrochemical devices, fuel cells and batteries.

With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Polymer electrolytes: Fundamentals and applications is a standard reference for all those researching and using polymer electrolytes in such areas as battery and fuel cell technology for automotive and other applications.

ISBN 1 84569 772 3
ISBN-13: 978 1 84569 772 3
August 2010
632 pages  234 x 156mm  hardback  
£160.00 / US$270.00 / €200.00

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About the editors

Dr César Sequeira and Dr Diogo Santos both work in the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering at the prestigious Instituto Superior Técnico in the Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal. Both are internationally-known for their research on the electrochemical properties of materials.

Contents

PART 1 TYPES AND DEVELOPMENT OF POLYMER ELECTROLYTES
PART 2 APPLICATIONS

PART 1 TYPES AND DEVELOPMENT OF POLYMER ELECTROLYTES

Introduction to polymer electrolyte materials
C A C Sequeira and D M F Santos, Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal
 - Introduction
 - Categories of polymer electrolytes
 - Structure and its implications
 - Conductivity measurements
 - Applications in practical devices
 - Conclusions
 - References

Ceramic polymer electrolytes
J S Syzdek, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland
 - Introduction
 - Experimental approaches
 - First composites – conductive fillers
 - Development of insulating fillers
 - Impact of the filler surface on the transport properties
 - Interfacial concerns
 - Other types of ceramic-polymer systems
 - Conclusions
 - Acknowledgements
 - References

Polymer electrolytes based on natural polymers
A Pawlicka and J P Donoso, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
 - Introduction
 - Grafted natural polymers-based solid polymer electrolytes
 - Plasticized natural polymers-based solid polymer electrolytes
 - Other natural polymer-based systems
 - Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of polymer electrolytes obtained from natural polymers
 - Conclusions and future trends
 - References

Composite polymer electrolytes for electrochemical devices
F Alloin and C Iojoiu, LEPMI CNRS, Grenoble Institute of Technology, France
 - Introduction
 - Composite electrolytes for lithium batteries: introduction Solid polymer electrolytes
 - Solid polymer electrolytes
 - Composite polymer electrolytes based on poly(ethylene) and clays
 - Composite polymer electrolytes based on poly(ethylene) and non-ionic fillers
 - Gel polymer electrolytes
 - Composite electrolytes for proton exchange membrane fuel cells
 - Composite polymer electrolytes based on metal oxides
 - Hygroscopic solid inorganic proton conductor composite polymer electrolytes
 - Self-humidifying composite electrolytes
 - Future trends
 - Sources of further information and advice
 - References

Lithium-doped hybrid polymer electrolytes
V de Zea Bermudez, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro and M M Silva, University of Minho, Portugal
 - Introduction
 - Ionic conductivity
 - Thermal properties
 - Electrochemical stability
 - Spectroscopic studies
 - Electrochromic displays
 - Conclusion
 - References

Hybrid inorganic-organic polymer electrolytes
V Di Noto, E Negro and S Lavina, University of Padova, Italy and M Vittadello, City University of New York, USA
 - Introduction
 - Fundamentals of polymer electrolytes
 - Overview of hybrid inorganic-organic polymer electrolytes
 - Methods
 - The real component of the conductivity spectra in the framework of the jump relaxation model and polymer segmental motion
 - Conclusions
 - Acknowledgements
 - References

Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in polymer electrolyte research
S Abbrent, University of South Bohemia, Czech Republic and S Greenbaum, Hunter College of the City University of New York, USA
 - Background
 - Nuclei possibility
 - Liquid state nuclear magnetic resonance
 - Solid state nuclear magnetic resonance
 - Relaxation processes
 - Diffusion measurements
 - Magic angle spinning
 - Double resonance experiments
 - Two-dimensional methods
 - Exchange nuclear magnetic resonance
 - Electrophoretic nuclear magnetic resonance
 - Conclusions
 - References

Molecular simulation of Li-ion and H-conduction in polymer electrolytes
D Brandell, Uppsala University, Sweden
 - Introduction
 - Computational chemistry
 - The molecular dynamics methodology
 - Li+-conducting poly(ethylene oxide)-based electrolytes for batteries
 - Polymer electrolytes for fuel cells: perfluorosulfonic acid systems
 - Conclusions and future trends
 - References

Characterisation and modelling of multivalent polymer electrolytes
M J C Plancha, Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Portugal
 - Introduction
 - Polymer-complexes formation
 - Ionic transport properties
 - Morphological and crystallographic structures: characteristics and influence on ionic transport properties
 - Ionic association: influence on ionic transport properties
 - Phase diagrams: crystallinity and conductivity
 - Conclusion
 - References

PART 2 APPLICATIONS

Polymer electrolytes for dye-sensitised solar cells
J Nei de Freitas, J E Benedetti, F S Freitas, A F Nogueira and M A De Paoli, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Brazil
 - Introduction
 - Polymer electrolytes
 - Plasticized and gel polymer electrolytes
 - Additives in the polymer electrolytes
 - Stability of polymer electrolyte-based dye-sensitized solar cells
 - Up-scaling: towards commercialization of polymer electrolyte-based dye-sensitized solar cells
 - Conclusions and future trends
 - Acknowledgements
 - References

Solid polymer electrolytes for supercapacitors
A B Samui and P Sivaraman, Naval Materials Research Laboratory, India
 - Introduction
 - Solid electrolytes
 - Conduction in solid electrolytes
 - Solid electrolytes in supercapacitors
 - Conducting polymer electrodes
 - Activated carbon electrodes
 - Cation exchange membrane-based supercapacitors
 - Current research activities
 - Applications
 - Conclusion
 - List of abbreviations
 - References

Polymer electrolytes for electrochromic devices
X Fu, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southwest University, PR China
 - Introduction
 - Electrochromic effect and electrochromic devices
 - Electrolytes for electrochromic devices
 - Polymer matrix
 - Classification of polymer electrolyte
 - Proton-conducting polymer electrolytes and alkaline polymer electrolytes
 - New type of polymer electrolyte
 - References

Hyperbranched polymer electrolytes for high temperature fuel cells
T Itoh, Mie University, Japan
 - Introduction
 - Hyperbranched polymer electrolytes with a sulfonic acid group at the periphery
 - Hyperbranched polymer electrolyte with a phosphonic acid group at the periphery
 - Conclusions
 - References

Polymer electrolytes as solid solvents and their applications
L Ye and Z Feng, Beijing Institute of Technology, China
 - Introduction
 - Structure of lithium ion battery
 -  Advantages of polymer electrolyte in lithium ion battery
 - Main properties of polymer electrolyte
 - Solid polymer electrolyte applied in lithium ion battery
 - Gel polymer electrolyte in lithium ion battery
 - Composite polymer electrolyte in lithium ion battery
 - Polymer electrolyte in other battery types
 - Conclusion
 - Acknowledgement
 - References

Hybrid polymer electrolytes for electrochemical devices
F L de Souza, Federal University of ABC and E R Leite, Federal University of São Carlos, Brazil
 - Introduction
 - Physical-chemical properties of hybrid polyelectrolyte
 - General discussion
 - Applications
 - Conclusions
 - Acknowledgements
 - References