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Computer design of diffractive optics

V A Soifer, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia

Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials No. 50

 - explores the theoretical aspects underpinning diffractive optics
 - discusses key applications of diffractive optical elements
 - a comprehensive reference for professionals and academics in optical engineering and photonics

Diffractive optics involves the manipulation of light using diffractive optical elements (DOEs). DOEs are being widely applied in such areas as telecommunications, electronics, laser technologies and biomedical engineering. Computer design of diffractive optics provides an authoritative guide to the principles and applications of computer-designed diffractive optics.

The theoretical aspects underpinning diffractive optics are initially explored, including the main equations in diffraction theory and diffractive optical transformations. Application of electromagnetic field theory for calculating diffractive gratings and related methods in micro-optics are discussed, as is analysis of transverse modes of laser radiation and the formation of self-replicating multimode laser beams. Key applications of DOEs reviewed include geometrical optics approximation, scalar approximation and optical manipulation of micro objects, with additional consideration of multi-order DOEs and synthesis of DOEs on polycrystalline diamond films.

With its distinguished editor and respected team of expert contributors, Computer design of diffractive optics is a comprehensive reference tool for professionals and academics working in the field of optical engineering and photonics.

Published in association with Cambridge International Science Publishing

£220.00 / US$375.00 / €265.00

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About the author

Dr Victor A. Soifer is the Director of the Russian Academy of Science’s Institute of Image Processing Systems.

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Contents

Main equations of diffraction theory
 - Maxwell equations
 - Differential equations in optics
 - Integral optics theorems
 - Integral transforms in optics
 - Methods for solving the direct diffraction problem

Diffractive optical transformations
 - Transformations in optical systems
 - Diffraction gratings
 - Flat lenses and prisms
 - Inverse problem of diffractive optics
 - The method of coding the phase function of DOE
 - Discretisation and quantisation of the DOE phase
 - Computer design and formation of the diffractive microrelief

Calculation of diffractive optical elements in geometrical optics approximation
 - Calculation of DOE for focusing into a curve in geometrical optics approximation
 - Curvilinear coordinates in the problem of focusing on a curve
 - Calculation and investigation of geometrical optics focusator
 - Focusator into a two-dimensional region. The method of matched rectangles
 - Correction of wave fronts

Calculation of the DOE in the scalar approximation of the diffraction theory
 - Iterative methods of calculating the DOE
 - Calculation of the DOEs producing the radial-symmetric intensity distribution
 - Calculation of one-dimensional diffractive gratings
 - The equalisation of the intensity of the Gaussian beam
 - DOE forming contour images
 - Calculation of quantised DOEs

Multi-order diffractive optical elements
 - Multi-order focusators
 - Diffractive multi-focus lenses
 - Two-order DOEs
 - Spectral DOEs

Application of the theory of the electromagnetic field for calculating diffractive gratings
 - Diffraction on ideally conducting gratings with a stepped profile
 - Diffraction on the ideally reflecting gratings with a continuous profile (Rayleigh approximation)
 - Diffraction on dielectric gratings
 - Gradient methods of calculating the profile of the diffractive gratings
 - Diffraction on two-dimensional dielectric gratings

Methods of the theory of the electromagnetic field in the micro-optics
 - Analysis of the DOE by the method of different solution of Maxwell equations
 - The finite element method in micro-optics

Analysis of transverse modes of laser radiation
 - Propagation of electromagnetic radiation in optical waveguides
 - Modans – diffractive optical elements (DOE) consistent with laser radiation modes
 - Calculation of the DOE matched with the characteristics of the gradient medium
 - DOEs for analysis of the transverse modes of light fields
 - Selection of modes in free space
 - Transmission of information with mode-division multiplexing
 - Fiber optic sensors based on mode selection

Formation of self-replicating multimode laser beams
 - Multimode light fields with different properties of self-reproduction
 - Composition method for the synthesis of DOE forming a multimode beam
 - Formation of self-replicating multi-mode laser beams
 - Formation of several self-reproducing beams in different diffraction orders

Optical manipulation of microobjects by DOE
 - The strength of interaction of the light field with microobjects
 - Light beams to capture micro-objects
 - The scope of optical manipulation
 - Motion control of micro-objects using light fields formed by DOE

Synthesis of DOE on polycrystalline diamond films
 - Formation technology of the microrelief on the surface of diamond films
 - Synthesis and study of thin lenses on diamond films
 - DOEs focusing CO2-laser radiation in two-dimensional field
 - Analysis of antireflective subwavelength structures deposited on the diamond film
 - Simulation of a cylindrical diamond DOE with subwavelength technological errors in the microrelief
 - The influence of local technological errors on efficiency of the DOE
 - Stochastic optimization microrelief of a diamond focuser taking into account the systematic errors of manufacture
 - Experimental study of the focuser in a circle