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Nanotechnology in eco-efficient construction: Materials, processes and applications

Edited by F Pacheco-Torgal, University of Minho, Portugal, M V Diamanti, Polytechnic of Milan, Italy, A Nazari, Islamic Azad University, Iran and C Goran-Granqvist, Uppsala University, Sweden

Woodhead Publishing Series in Civil and Structural Engineering No. 43

 - provides an authoritative guide to the role of nanotechnology in the development of eco-efficient construction materials and sustainable construction
 - examines the use of nanotechnology in eco-efficient construction materials
 - considers a range of important infrastructural applications, before discussing applications for building energy efficiency

As the environmental impact of existing construction and building materials comes under increasing scrutiny, the search for more eco-efficient solutions has intensified. Nanotechnology offers great potential in this area and is already being widely used to great success. Nanotechnology in eco-efficient construction is an authoritative guide to the role of nanotechnology in the development of eco-efficient construction materials and sustainable construction.

Following an introduction to the use of nanotechnology in eco-efficient construction materials, part one considers such infrastructural applications as nanoengineered cement-based materials, nanoparticles for high-performance and self-sensing concrete, and the use of nanotechnology to improve the bulk and surface properties of steel for structural applications. Nanoclay-modified asphalt mixtures and safety issues relating to nanomaterials for construction applications are also reviewed before part two goes on to discuss applications for building energy efficiency. Topics explored include thin films and nanostructured coatings, switchable glazing technology and third generation photovoltaic (PV) cells, high-performance thermal insulation materials, and silica nanogel for energy-efficient windows. Finally, photocatalytic applications are the focus of part three, which investigates nanoparticles for pollution control, self-cleaning and photosterilisation, and the role of nanotechnology in manufacturing paints and purifying water for eco-efficient buildings.

Nanotechnology in eco-efficient construction is a technical guide for all those involved in the design, production and application of eco-efficient construction materials, including civil engineers, materials scientists, researchers and architects within any field of nanotechnology, eco-efficient materials or the construction industry.

ISBN 0 85709 544 7
ISBN-13: 978 0 85709 544 2
April 2013
456 pages  234 x 156mm  hardback  
£150.00 / US$255.00 / €180.00

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About the editors

Fernando Pacheco-Torgal is an investigator in the C-TAC Research Centre at the University of Minho, Portugal, and is the author or co-author of more than 200 publications including 35 articles published in A1 ISI journals.

Maria Vittoria Diamanti is Assistant Professor in the Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering at the Polytechnic of Milan, Italy.

Ali Nazari is an Assistant Professor in the Islamic Azad University, Iran. He has written 6 books and 140 journal articles as well as registering over 20 national patents.

Claes-Goran Granqvist is Professor in the Department of Engineering Science at Uppsala University, Sweden.

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Contents

PART 1 INFRASTRUCTURAL APPLICATIONS
PART 2 APPLICATIONS FOR BUILDING ENERGY EFFICIENCY
PART 3 PHOTOCATALYTIC APPLICATIONS

Introduction to nanotechnology in eco-efficient construction materials
F Pacheco-Torgal, University Of Minho, Portugal
 - Introduction
 - The need for nanotechnology in the construction sector
 - Outline of the book
 - References

PART 1 INFRASTRUCTURAL APPLICATIONS

Nanoscience and nanoengineering of cement-based materials
G Constantinides, Cyprus University of Technology, Cyprus
 - Introduction
 - Nanoscience of cement-based materials
 - Nanoengineering of cement-based materials
 - Conclusion
 - References

Nanoparticles for high-performance concrete (HPC)
F Pacheco-Torgal, University of Minho, Portugal, S Miraldo, University of Aveiro
 - Introduction
 - Concrete with nanoparticles
 - The problem of efficient nanoparticle dispersion
 - Conclusions
 - References

Self-sensing concrete with nanomaterials
Z Chen and Y Ding, Dalian University of Technology, China, F Pacheco-Torgal, University of Minho, Portugal and Y Zhang, University of Minho, Portugal
 - Introduction
 - Studying conductive admixtures in concrete
 - Influence of conductive admixtures on the mechanical properties of concrete
 - Influence of conductive admixtures on the electrical properties of concrete beams
 - Strain and damage in concrete beams (self-diagnosing of damage)
 - Diphasic electrical conductive materials
 - Conclusions
 - References

The use of nanotechnology to enhance the bulk and surface properties of steel for structural applications
X Shi, Montana State University, USA; Z Xiao, Shenzhen Jinzhou Precision Technology Corp, China and J Wu, Wuhan Polytechnic University, China
 - Introduction
 - Research relating to nanocomposite steel
 - Properties of nanocomposite steel
 - Future trends
 - References

Nanoclay-modified asphalt mixtures for eco-efficient construction
S Ghaffarpour Jahromi, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Iran
 - Introduction
 - Research on nanoclay-modified asphalt mixtures
 - Material and methods
 - Rheological tests and results
 - Mechanical testing of asphalt mixtures
 - Conclusion
 - Future trends
 - References

Safety issues relating to nanomaterials for construction applications
R Damoiseaux, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), USA
 - Introduction to nanotoxicity
 - Potential nano-hazards of manufactured nanomaterials (MNMs) utilized in construction
 - Lifecycle of nano-enabled structures
 - Toxicity profiling for nanomaterials
 - Future trends and conclusions
 - References

PART 2 APPLICATIONS FOR BUILDING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Thin films and nanostructured coatings for eco-efficient buildings
Thin films and nanostructured coatings for eco-efficient buildings C G Granqvist, Uppsala University, Sweden
 - Introduction
 - Major thin film technologies and some illustrative examples
 - Large-scale manufacturing
 - Conclusion and future trends
 - References

High performance thermal insulation materials for buildings
R Baetens, KU Leuven, Belgium
 - Introduction
 - Heat transfer in thermal insulators
 - State-of-the-art insulators
 - Applications
 - Future trends
 - References

Silica nanogel for energy-efficient windows
C Buratti, University of Perugia, Italy and E Moretti, University of Perugia, Italy
 - Introduction
 - Aerogels for windows
 - Current applications of aerogels in buildings
 - Performance of nanogel windows
 - Future trends
 - References

Switchable glazing technology for eco-efficient construction
C G Granqvist, Uppsala University, Sweden
 - Introduction
 - Electrochromics: materials and devices
 - Thermochromics: materials and devices
 - Future trends in electrochromic and thermochromic glazing
 - References

Third generation photovoltaic (PV) cells for eco-efficient buildings
L Ann Lamont, Mott MacDonald Ltd, UK
 - Introduction
 - History of photovoltaic (PV) cells
 - Functions of a PV cell
 - Overview of PV technology: first, second and third generation cells
 - The use of nanotechnology in PV technology
 - Future trends
 - References

PART 3 PHOTOCATALYTIC APPLICATIONS

Concrete, mortar and plaster using titanium dioxide nanoparticles: applications in pollution control, self-cleaning and photosterilisation
M Vittoria Diamanti and M P Pedeferri, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
 - Introduction
 - Principles of heterogeneous photocatalysis
 - Applications of semiconductor photocatalysis
 - TiOin cement-based materials
 - Efficiency of TiOin the built environment
 - Pilot projects and field tests
 - Existing patents and standards relating to photocatalytic cementitious materials
 - References

Self-cleaning tiles and glasses for eco-efficient buildings
D Synnott, N Nolan, D Ryan, J Colreavy and SC Pillai, FOCAS Institute, Republic of Ireland
 - Introduction  - Important production parameters  - Mechanism of self-cleaning glasses and tiles  - Future trends
 - Acknowledgements
 - References

Nanotechnology in manufacturing paints for eco-efficient buildings
C del Cacho, O Geiss, P Leva, S Tirendi and J Barrero-Moreno, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, Italy
 - Introduction
 - Application of photocatalytic paints in an outdoor environment
 - Application of photocatalytic paints in an indoor environment
 - Potential formation of by-products
 - Future trends
 - References

Nanotechnology for domestic water purification
S Kar, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, India and P K Tewari, Bhabha Atomic, India
 - Introduction
 - Nanomaterials and water purification
 - The need for nanomaterials in water purification
 - Types, properties and uses of nanomaterials used in water purification
 - Synthesis of nanomaterials
 - Nanotechnology: health, safety and environment
 - Domestic water purification: challenges to bring about an integrated system
 - Acknowledgments
 - References