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Functional materials for sustainable energy applicationsEdited by J A Kilner, S J Skinner, Imperial College, S J C Irvine, Glyndwr University and P P Edwards, University of Oxford, UK
Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy No. 35
- an essential guide to the development and application of functional materials in sustainable energy production
- reviews functional materials for solar power
- focuses on functional materials for hydrogen production and storage, fuel cells, demand reduction and energy storage
- investigates computer simulation studies of functional materials
- indispensable tool for anyone involved in the research, development, manufacture and application of materials for sustainable energy production
Global demand for low cost, efficient and sustainable energy production is ever increasing. Driven by recent discoveries and innovation in the science and technology of materials, applications based on functional materials are becoming increasingly important. Functional materials for sustainable energy applications provides an essential guide to the development and application of these materials in sustainable energy production.
Part one reviews functional materials for solar power, including silicon-based, thin-film, and dye sensitized photovoltaic solar cells, thermophotovoltaic device modelling and photoelectrochemical cells. Part two focuses on functional materials for hydrogen production and storage. Functional materials for fuel cells are then explored in part three where developments in membranes, catalysts and membrane electrode assemblies for polymer electrolyte and direct methanol fuel cells are discussed, alongside electrolytes and ion conductors, novel cathodes, anodes, thin films and proton conductors for solid oxide fuel cells. Part four considers functional materials for demand reduction and energy storage, before the book concludes in part five with an investigation into computer simulation studies of functional materials.
With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, Functional materials for sustainable energy applications is an indispensable tool for anyone involved in the research, development, manufacture and application of materials for sustainable energy production, including materials engineers, scientists and academics in the rapidly developing, interdisciplinary field of sustainable energy.
ISBN 0 85709 059 3
ISBN-13: 978 0 85709 059 1
September 2012
724 pages 234 x 156mm hardback
£180.00 / US$305.00 / €215.00
Usually dispatched within 24 hours
About the editors
John Kilner is B. C. H. Steele Professor of Energy Materials at Imperial College London, UK.
Stephen Skinner is Reader in Materials Chemistry at Imperial College London, UK.
Stuart Irvine is Research Professor in Opto-electronic Materials for Solar Energy at Glyndwr University, UK.
Peter Edwards is Professor and Head of Inorganic Chemistry at the University of Oxford, UK.
Titles which may also be of interest:
Advanced membrane science and technology for sustainable energy and environmental applications
Polymer electrolyte membrane and direct methanol fuel cell technology
Polymer electrolyte membrane and direct methanol fuel cell technology
Handbook of membrane reactors
Advances in batteries for large- and medium-scale energy storage
Contents
PART 1 FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS FOR SOLAR POWER
PART 2 FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION AND STORAGE
PART 3 FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS FOR FUEL CELLS
PART 4 FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS FOR DEMAND REDUCTION AND ENERGY STORAGE
PART 5 APPENDIX
PART 1 FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS FOR SOLAR POWER
Silicon-based photovoltaic solar cells
N E B Cowern, Newcastle University, UK
- Introduction
- Polysilicon production
- Crystallisation and wafering
- Solar cells: materials issues and cell architectures
- Conclusions
- References
Photovoltaic (PV) thin films for solar cells
S J C Irvine, Glyndŵr University, UK
- Introduction
- Amorphous silicon thin film photovoltaics (PV)
- Cadmium telluride thin film PV
- Copper indium diselenide thin film PV
- Materials sustainability
- Future trends
- Sources of further information and advice
- References
Rapid, low temperature processing of dye sensitized solar cells
P J Holliman, A Connell and M L Davies, Bangor University, M J Carnie and T M Watson, Swansea University, UK
- Introduction to dye sensitized solar cells (DSC)
- Manufacturing issues
- Sensitization
- Electrodes
- Electrolyte
- Quality control (QC)/Lifetime testing
- Conclusions and future trends
- Acknowledgements
- References
Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) devices: Introduction and modelling
R J Nicholas and RS Tuley, University of Oxford, UK
- Introduction to thermophotovoltaics (TPV)
- Practical TPV cell performance
- Modelling TPV cells
- Tandem TPV cells
- Conclusions
- References
Photoelectrochemical cells for hydrogen generation
KGU Wijayantha, Loughborough University, UK
- Introduction
- Photoelectrochemical cells: principles and energetics
- Photoelectrochemical cell configurations and efficiency considerations
- Semiconductor photoanodes: material challenges
- Semiconductor photocathodes: material challenges
- Advances in photochemical cell materials and design
Interfacial reaction kinetics
Future trends
Acknowledgements
References
Appendix: abbreviations
PART 2 FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION AND STORAGE
Reversible solid oxide electrolytic cells for large scale energy storage: Challenges and opportunities
B Yildiz, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
- Introduction to reversible solid oxide cells
- Operating principles and functional materials
- Degradation mechanisms in solid oxide electrolysis cells
- Research needs and opportunities
- Summary and conclusions
- References
Membranes, adsorbent materials and solvent-based materials for syngas and hydrogen production
S J Doong, UOP, a Honeywell Company, USA
- Introduction
- H2-selective membrane materials
- CO2-selective membrane materials
- Adsorbent materials for H2/CO2 separation
- Solvent-based materials for H2/CO2 separation
- Future trends
- Sources of further information and advice
- References
Functional materials for hydrogen storage
M Felderhoff, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Germany
- Introduction
- Hydrogen storage with metal hydrides: an introduction
- Hydrogen storage with interstitial hydrides, A1l3Hand MgH2
- Hydrogen storage with complex metal hydrides
- Hydrogen storage using other chemical systems
- Hydrogen storage with porous materials and nanoconfined materials
- Applications of hydrogen storage
- Conclusions
- References
PART 3 FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS FOR FUEL CELLS
The role of the fuel in the operation, performance and degradation of fuel cells
D J L Brett, University College London and Imperial College London, E Agante, N P Brandon and E Brightman, Imperial College London, R J C Brown, National Physical Laboratory, M Manage, University College London and I Staffell, University of Birmingham, UK
- Introduction
- Thermodynamics of fuel cell operation and the effect of fuel on performance
- Hydrocarbon fuels and fuel processing
- Methanol
- Other fuels
- Deleterious effects of fuels on fuel cell performance
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
Membrane electrode assemblies for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells
K Scott, Newcastle University, UK
- Introduction
- Requirements for membrane electrode assemblies (MEA)
- Porous backing layer materials
- Membrane materials
- MEA electrode-catalyst layer
- MEA performance
- Conclusions
- References
Developments in membranes, catalysts and membrane electrode assemblies for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC)
A Manthiram, X Zhao and W Li, University of Texas at Austin, USA
- Introduction
- Historical development and technical challenges
- Methanol oxidation reaction catalysts
- Oxygen reduction reaction catalysts
- Proton exchange membranes
- Membrane electrode assembly (MEA) fabrication and structure
- Conclusions and future trends
- Acknowledgements
- References
Electrolytes and ion conductors for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC)
N Preux, A Rolle and RN Vannier, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille, France
- Introduction
- Oxide ion conduction
- Electrolyte materials for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC)
- Preparation and characterisation of electrolyte materials for SOFC
- Conclusions
- References
Novel cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC)
J-C Grenier, J-M Bassat and F Mauvy, ICMCB-CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, France
- Introduction
- The oxygen reduction reaction in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) and implications for cathode materials
- Conventional cathode materials: perovskite-type oxides
- Innovative cathode materials: structural aspects of two-dimensional (2D) non-stoichiometric perovskite-related oxides
- Comparative transport properties and electrochemical performances of two-dimensional (2D) non-stoichiometric oxides
- Ln2NiO4+5 oxides: innovative and flexible materials for air electrodes of protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFC) and electrolysers
- Prospective conclusions
- References
Novel anode materials for solid oxide fuel cells
S Tao and P I Cowin, University of Strathclyde, UK
- Introduction
- Requirements for solid oxide fuel cell anode materials
- Cermet solid oxide fuel cell anode materials
- Perovskite-structured solid oxide fuel cell anode materials
- Other oxide anode materials
- Non-oxide anode materials
- Poisoning of solid oxide fuel cell anode materials
- Conclusions and future trends
- References
Thin-film solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) materials
A J Jacobson, C Yu and W Gong, University of Houston, USA
- Introduction
- Electrolytes
- Anode materials
- Cathode materials
- Device structures
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Appendix: glossary
Proton conductors for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC)
E Traversa, formerly National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) and E Fabbri, formerly National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Japan
- The proton conduction mechanism in high temperature proton conductor (HTPC) electrolytes
- Reaction processes at the electrode/electrolyte when using HTPC electrolytes
- HTPC: the state-of-the-art and challenges
- Electrodes for HTPC electrolytes: the state-of-the-art and challenges
- Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) based on HTPC electrolytes: current status and future perspectives
- Conclusions
- References
PART 4 FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS FOR DEMAND REDUCTION AND ENERGY STORAGE
Materials and techniques for energy harvesting
M E Kiziroglou and E M Yeatman, Imperial College London, UK
- Introduction
- Theory of motion energy harvesting
- Piezoelectric harvesting
- Electrostatic harvesting
- Thermoelectric harvesting
- Electromagnetic energy harvesting from motion
- Suspension materials for motion energy harvesting
- References
Lithium batteries: current technologies and future trends
B Scrosati and J Hassoun, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
- Introduction
- Lithium ion batteries
- Safety of lithium ion batteries
- Energy density of lithium ion batteries
- Future trends
- Acknowledgements
- References
PART 5 APPENDIX
Appendix 1 Atomic scale computer simulation of functional materials: Methodologies and applications
A Chroneos, Imperial College London and University of Cambridge, C Bishop, D Parfitt and R W Grimes, Imperial College London, UK
- A.1 Introduction
- A.2 Methodological approaches
- A.3 Application of methodologies
- A.4 Future trends
- A.5 References