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Printed films: Materials science and applications in sensors, electronics and photonics

Edited by M Prudenziati, University of Modena, Italy and J Hormadaly, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel

Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials No. 26

 - provides a comprehensive analysis of the most significant recent developments in printed films and their applications
 - reviews the concepts, properties, technologies and materials involved in the production and use of printed films
 - analyses the varied applications of printed films in devices, including printed restrictive sensors for physical quantities and printed thick film mechanical micro-systems (MEMS), among others

Whilst printed films are currently used in varied devices across a wide range of fields, research into their development and properties is increasingly uncovering even greater potential. Printed films provides comprehensive coverage of the most significant recent developments in printed films and their applications.

Materials and properties of printed films are the focus of part one, beginning with a review of the concepts, technologies and materials involved in their production and use. Printed films as electrical components and silicon metallization for solar cells are discussed, as are conduction mechanisms in printed film resistors, and thick films in packaging and microelectronics. Part two goes on to review the varied applications of printed films in devices. Printed resistive sensors are considered, as is the role of printed films in capacitive, piezoelectric and pyroelectric sensors, mechanical micro-systems and gas sensors. The applications of printed films in biosensors, actuators, heater elements, varistors and polymer solar cells are then explored, followed by a review of screen printing for the fabrication of solid oxide fuel cells, and laser printed micro- and meso-scale power generating devices.

With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, Printed films is a key text for anyone working in such fields as microelectronics, fuel cell and sensor technology in both industry and academia.

ISBN 1 84569 988 2
ISBN-13: 978 1 84569 988 8
August 2012
608 pages  234 x 156mm  hardback  
£170.00 / US$290.00 / €205.00

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About the editors

Maria Prudenziati is Professor of Applied Electronics at the University of Modena, Italy.

Jacob Hormadaly is Director of the Zandman Center for thick-film microelectronics, at the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel.

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Contents

PART 1 MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES OF PRINTED FILMS
PART 1 MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES OF PRINTED FILMS
PART 2 APPLICATIONS OF PRINTED FILMS IN DEVICES

PART 1 MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES OF PRINTED FILMS

PART 1 MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES OF PRINTED FILMS

Technologies for printed films
M Prudenziati, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy and J Hormadaly, Ben-Gurion University, Israel
 - Introduction: printed films in microelectronics
 - From thick-films and hybrids to printed electronics
 - Other systems
 - Conclusion
 - References

Materials for printed films
J Hormadaly, Ben-Gurion University, Israel and M Prudenziati, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
 - Introduction
 - Active phases
 - Deposition medium – vehicle
 - Glasses and glass ceramics
 - Substrates
 - Conclusion
 - References

Materials science concepts for printed films
J Hormadaly, Ben-Gurion University, Israel and M Prudenziati, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
 - Introduction
 - Interactions of conducting materials with the organic vehicle at room temperature
 - Redox reactions
 - Chemical diffusion-related interactions during the firing cycle
 - Sintering, grain growth and Ostwald ripening
 - Reactivity interactions in other systems
 - Kirkendall effect
 - Conclusions and Future trends
 - Sources of further information
 - References

Properties of printed films as electrical components on ceramic substrates
J Hormadaly, Ben-Gurion University, Israel and M Prudenziati, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
 - Introduction
 - Thick Film Resistors
 - Conductors
 - Dielectrics
 - References

Conduction mechanisms in printed thick film resistors
C Grimaldi, Ecole Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland
 - Introduction
 - Current understanding of the conduction mechanisms in thick-film resistors
 - Conclusion and future trends
 - References

Multilayer low-temperature cofired ceramic systems incorporating a thick-film printing process
M Sobocinski, J Putaala and H Jantunen, University of Oulu, Finland
 - Introduction
 - LTCC compositions
 - LTCC fabrication methods
 - An overview of LTCC applications
 - Future trends
 - Sources of further information
 - References

PART 2 APPLICATIONS OF PRINTED FILMS IN DEVICES

Printed resistive sensors for physical quantities
M Prudenziati, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
 - Introduction
 - Temperature sensors
 - Piezoresistive properties and related sensors
 - Magnetoresistive effects and sensors
 - Radiant sensors
 - Potentiometric sensors
 - Conclusion and future trends
 - References

Printed thick film capacitive sensors
V Ferrari, University of Brescia, Italy
 - Introduction
 - General concepts
 - Configurations and technologies
 - Capacitive sensing based on geometrical variations
 - Capacitive sensing based on permittivity variations
 - Examples of devices and their applications
 - Conclusion and future trends
 - Sources of further information
 - References

Printed thick film piezoelectric and pyroelectric sensors
V Ferrari, University of Brescia, Italy
 - Introduction
 - Piezoelectricity, pyroelectricity and ferroelectricity
 - Basic theory and relationships of the piezoelectric effect
 - Thick films based on ferroelectric inorganic compounds
 - Piezoelectric sensors
 - Pyroelectric sensors
 - Future trends
 - Sources of further information
 - Acknowledgements
 - References

Printed thick film mechanical micro-systems (MEMS)
S P Beeby, University of Southampton, UK
 - Introduction
 - Printed films with silicon MEMS
 - Printed films with ceramic MEMS
 - Conclusion and future trends
 - References

Printed semiconducting gas sensors
V Guidi, C Malagu and M C Carotta, University of Ferrara, Italy
 - Introduction
 - Principles of operation and modeling
 - Functional materials
 - Morphological, structural and electrical properties
 - Applications
 - Future trends
 - Acknowledgments
 - References

Printed gas sensors based on electrolytes
C Lucat, F Menil and H Debeda, University of Bordeaux, France
 - Introduction
 - Solid electrolytes
 - Potentiometric sensors
 - Thermodynamically controlled sensors
 - Sensors controlled by both thermodynamics and kinetics
 - Amperometric sensors
 - Nox sensing device, associating upstream oxygen pumping with potentiometric and amperometric operating principles
 - Conclusion and possible future trends
 - References

Printed thick film biosensors
K Honeychurch, University of the West of England, UK
 - Introduction
 - Applications of thick film biosensors
 - Environmental
 - Conclusions
 - Sources of Further Information
 - Acknowledgements
 - References

Printed actuators
R Dorey, Cranfield University, UK
 - Introduction
 - Films as actuators
 - Actuation mechanisms
 - Piezoelectric actuators
 - Piezoelectric actuator fabrication
 - Processing-properties-microstructure interrelationship
 - Conclusion and future trends
 - Further information and advice
 - References

Printed heater elements
G Radosavljevic and W Smetana, Vienna University of Technology, Austria
 - Introduction
 - Materials for heater fabrication
 - Heater designs
 - Heaters for sensor and actuator applications
 - Conclusion
 - References

Screen printing for the fabrication of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC)
C Pijolat, Ecole Nationale Superieure des Mines, France
 - Introduction
 - Fuel cells: principle, types and challenges: (Larminie, ) (Hoogers, )
 - Electrolytes
 - Electrodes
 - Single-chamber SOFCs
 - Micro single-chamber SOFCs
 - Conclusion and trends
 - References

Printed varistors
M A de la Rubia Lopez, Glass and Ceramic Institut (CSIC) and ETSI Telecommunication (UPM), Spain
 - Introduction
 - The varistor action
 - Composition, preparation and microstructure of ceramic ZnO-based varistors
 - Printing process in varistors fabrication
 - Multilayer varistors
 - Screen printed and fired thick film varistors
 - Progress in the development of ZnO-based thick films and tape-casted varistors
 - Microstructural and electrical characterization of ZnO-based varistors prepared by screen printing and tape casting
 - Conclusion
 - Acknowledgements
 - References

Laser printed micro- and meso-scale power generating devices
A Piquè, Naval Research Laboratory, USA
 - Introduction
 - Background to laser induced forward transfer
 - Laser transfer of complex rheological systems
 - Laser printed micro-power sources
 - Laser printed embedded micro-power sources
 - Challenges and opportunities
 - Conclusion and future trends
 - Acknowledgements
 - References

Printed polymer solar cells
F C Krebs, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark
 - Introduction
 - Printing and coating methods
 - Manufacturing methods for complete polymer solar cells
 - Application and Demonstration of polymer solar cell
 - Conclusion and future trends
 - Acknowledgements
 - References