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Durability and reliability of medical polymers

Edited by M Jenkins and A Stamboulis, University of Birmingham, UK

Woodhead Publishing Series in Biomaterials No. 44

 - comprehensively examines the performance of both bioresorbable and non-bioresorbable medical polymers
 - discusses the processing of bioresorbable and other polymers for medical applications, before reviewing the degradation of bioresorbable medical polymers
 - explores the durability and reliability of non-bioresorbable medical polymers and discusses wear processes in polymer implants and ageing processes of biomedical polymers in the body

Given the widespread use of polymers in medical devices, the durability and reliability of this material in use is an area of critical importance. Durability and reliability of medical polymers reviews the performance of both bioresorbable and non-bioresorbable medical polymers.

Part one provides a review of the types and properties of bioresorbable medical polymers. The effect of molecular structure on properties is discussed, along with the processing of bioresorbable and other polymers for medical applications. Transport phenomena and the degradation of bioresorbable medical polymers are reviewed, before an exploration of synthetic bioresorbable polymers and their use in orthopaedic tissue regeneration. Part two goes on to explore the durability and reliability of non-bioresorbable medical polymers, and wear processes in polymer implants and ageing processes of biomedical polymers in the body are discussed in depth, before an investigation into manufacturing defects and the failure of synthetic polymeric medical devices.

With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, Durability and reliability of medical polymers is an essential tool for all materials scientists, researchers and engineers involved in the design, development and application of medical polymers, whilst also providing a helpful overview of the subject for biologists, chemist and clinicians.

ISBN 1 84569 929 7
ISBN-13: 978 1 84569 929 1
August 2012
296 pages  234 x 156mm  hardback  
£130.00 / US$220.00 / €155.00

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About the editors

Mike Jenkins is a Senior Lecturer in the School of Engineering at the University of Birmingham, UK. Dr Jenkins has published widely in the field of polymers.

Artemis Stamboulis is a Senior Lecturer in Biomaterials and Nanomaterials at the University of Birmingham’s School of Metallurgy and Materials. Dr Stamboulis has published over 40 research papers in international scientific journals and is an active member of many national and international societies.

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Contents

PART 1 TYPES AND PROPERTIES OF BIORESORBABLE MEDICAL POLYMERS
PART 1 TYPES AND PROPERTIES OF BIORESORBABLE MEDICAL POLYMERS
PART 2 ASPECTS OF DURABILITY AND RELIABILITY OF NON-BIORESORBABLE MEDICAL POLYMERS

PART 1 TYPES AND PROPERTIES OF BIORESORBABLE MEDICAL POLYMERS

PART 1 TYPES AND PROPERTIES OF BIORESORBABLE MEDICAL POLYMERS

Types of bioresorbable polymers for medical applications
T Casalini and G Perale, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
 - Introduction: biodegradable materials and their medical applications
 - Bio-adsorbable material groups: aliphatic polyesters
 - Bio-adsorbable material groups: polyanhydrides
 - Bio-adsorbable material groups: poly (ortho esters)
 - Bio-adsorbable material groups: polyphosphazenes
 - Bio-adsorbable material groups: poly (amino acids) and pseudo poly (amino acids)
 - Bio-adsorbable material groups: polyalkylcyanoacrylates
 - Bio-adsorbable material groups: poly (propylene fumarate) (PPF), poloxamers, poly (p-dioxanone) (PPDO), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)
 -  References

The effect of molecular structure on the properties of biomedical polymers
G Pertici, Industrie Biomediche Insubri SA, Switzerland
 - Introduction: the molecular structure of polymers
 - Molecular weight and polymer properties
 - Macromolecular conformation, crystallisation and polymer properties
 - The effect of the amorphous state and glass transition temperature on polymer properties
 - Biphasic systems: linear crystalline polymers and their properties
 - References

Processing of bioresorbable and other polymers for medical applications
T Casalini and G Perale, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
 - Introduction: processing bioresorbable polymers
 - Extrusion
 - Mixing processes
 - Molding processes
 - Secondary shaping
 - Calendering
 - Coating
 - Foaming
 - Solvent casting
 - Issues in biopolymer processing
 - Conclusions
 - References

Understanding transport phenomena and degradation of bioresorbable medical polymers
F Rossi and G Perale, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
 - Introduction to transport phenomena in irreversible processes
 - Introduction to mathematical modeling
 - Conclusions and future trends
 - References

Synthetic bioresorbable polymers
R E Cameron and A Kamvari-Moghaddam, University of Cambridge, UK
 - Introduction
 - Bioresorbable polymers
 - Degradation of aliphatic polyesters
 - Factors affecting aliphatic polymer degradation
 - Processing and devices
 - Conclusions
 - Sources of further information and advice
 - References

Using synthetic bioresorbable polymers for orthopaedic tissue regeneration
M Santoro, Politecnico di Milano, Italy and G Perale, Industrie Biomediche Insubri SA, Switzerland
 - Introduction
 - Poly (a-hydroxy acids)
 - Polylactones
 - Polyanhydrides
 - Fumarate-based polymers
 - Hydrogels
 - Future trends
 - Conclusions
 - References

PART 2 ASPECTS OF DURABILITY AND RELIABILITY OF NON-BIORESORBABLE MEDICAL POLYMERS

Wear processes in polymer implants
D E T Shepherd and K D Dearn, University of Birmingham, UK
 - Introduction
 - Implants
 - Wear processes and theory for polymer implants
 - Polymers
 - Wear debris in the body
 - Future trends
 - Sources of further information and advice
 - References

Ageing processes of biomedical polymers in the body
A Mahomed, University of Birmingham, UK
 - Introduction
 - Principles of chemical and biochemical degradation and calcification
 - Effect of natural ageing of medical polymers
 - Principles of accelerated ageing
 - Conclusions and summary
 - Sources of further information and advice
 - Acknowledgements
 - References

The failure of synthetic polymeric medical devices
P R Lewis, The Open University, UK
 - Introduction
 - Forensic methods
 - Broken catheters
 - Balloon catheters and angioplasty
 - Breast implants
 - Intra-ocular lenses
 - Foley catheters
 - Sutures
 - Conclusions
 - Acknowledgements
 - References

Manufacturing defects in polymeric medical devices
P R Lewis, The Open University, UK
 - Introduction
 - Polymer moulding
 - Catheter systems
 - Security cap for gas cylinders
 - Breathing tube failures
 - A failed crutch
 - Cracked medical tubing
 - Conclusions
 - Acknowledgements
 - References