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Electrical drives for direct drive renewable energy systems

Edited by M Mueller, University of Edinburgh, UK and H Polinder, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands

Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy No. 24

 - an authorative guide to the design, development and operation of gearless direct drives
 - discusses the principles of electrical design for permanent magnet generators and electrical, thermal and structural generator design and systems integration
 - investigates the commercial applications of wind turbine drive systems
 -  in depth investigation into the permanent magnet direct drive generator in the Zephyros wind turbine and the Archimedes Wave Swing (AWS) direct wave drive energy pilot plant
 - explores the application of high temperature superconducting machines to direct drive renewable energy systems

Wind turbine gearboxes present major reliability issues, leading to great interest in the current development of gearless direct-drive wind energy systems. Offering high reliability, high efficiency and low maintenance, developments in these direct-drive systems point the way to the next generation of wind power, and Electrical drives for direct drive renewable energy systems is an authoritative guide to their design, development and operation.

Part one outlines electrical drive technology, beginning with an overview of electrical generators for direct drive systems. Principles of electrical design for permanent magnet generators are discussed, followed by electrical, thermal and structural generator design and systems integration. A review of power electronic converter technology and power electronic converter systems for direct drive renewable energy applications is then conducted. Part two then focuses on wind and marine applications, beginning with a commercial overview of wind turbine drive systems and an introduction to direct drive wave energy conversion systems. The commercial application of these technologies is investigated via case studies on the permanent magnet direct drive generator in the Zephyros wind turbine, and the Archimedes Wave Swing (AWS) direct drive wave energy pilot plant. Finally, the book concludes by exploring the application of high-temperature superconducting machines to direct drive renewable energy systems.

With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, Electrical drives for direct drive renewable energy systems provides a comprehensive review of key technologies for anyone involved with or interested in the design, construction, operation, development and optimisation of direct drive wind and marine energy systems.

ISBN 1 84569 783 9
ISBN-13: 978 1 84569 783 9
March 2013
280 pages  234 x 156mm  hardback  
£130.00 / US$220.00 / €155.00

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About the editors

Professor Markus Mueller holds a Chair in Electrical Machines within the Institute for Energy Systems in the School of Engineering based at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland.

Dr Henk Polinder is an Associate Professor based at the Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science department of Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands.

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Contents

PART 1 ELECTRICAL DRIVE TECHNOLOGY
PART 2 APPLICATIONS: WIND AND MARINE

PART 1 ELECTRICAL DRIVE TECHNOLOGY

Electrical generators for direct drive systems: a technology overview
M Mueller and A Zavvos, University of Edinburgh, UK
 - Introduction
 - Excitation methods
 - Permanent magnet direct drive (PMDD) generator topologies
 - Conclusion
 - References

Principles of electrical design of permanent magnet generators for direct drive renewable energy systems
H Polinder, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands
 - Introduction
 - Design requirements and evaluation criteria
 - Scaling laws for dimensioning machines
 - Design choices
 - Design example
 - Future trends
 - References

Electrical, thermal and structural generator design and systems integration for direct drive renewable energy systems
A McDonald, University of Strathclyde, UK, M Mueller and A Zavvos, University of Edinburgh, UK
 - Introduction
 - Integrated systems design of machine topologies
 - Structural considerations and mechanical design
 - Thermal considerations
 - Designs of machine topologies for 5-20MW direct drive wind turbines
 - Application to direct-drive marine energy systems
 - References

An overview of power electronic converter technology for renewable energy systems
Z Chen, Aalborg University, Denmark
 - Introduction
 - Power electronic components
 - Topologies of power electronic converters
 - Modulation techniques of voltage source converters (VSCs)
 - Power control of voltage source converters
 - Conclusion
 - References

Power electronic converter systems for direct drive renewable energy applications
Z Chen, Aalborg University, Denmark
 - Introduction
 -  Characteristics of wind and marine energy generation systems
 - Back to back voltage source converters (BTB-VSC)
 - Diode rectifier plus DC/DC converter as the generator side converter
 - Application of Current Source Converters (CSCs)
 - Power electronic system design considerations
 - Power electronic system challenges and reliability
 - Conclusion and future trends
 - References

PART 2 APPLICATIONS: WIND AND MARINE

Wind turbine drive systems: a commercial overview
E de Vries, The Netherlands
 - Introduction
 - Early geared wind turbine drive systems
 - Direct drive generators
 - Doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs)
 - Low and medium-speed (MS) geared hybrid concept
 - Permanent magnet generators in direct drive wind turbines
 - Alternative technologies and power conversion
 - Reliability, availability and total systems efficiency
 - References

Case study of the permanent magnet direct drive generator in the Zephyros wind turbine
A Jassal, Delft University of Technology, K Versteegh, XEMC-Darwind and H Polinder, Delft University of technology, The Netherlands
 - Introduction
 - Design procedure and resulting design
 - Other design considerations
 - Generator assembly
 - Generator testing
 - Operational experience and problems faced
 - Reliability
 - Future trends
 - Conclusion
 - References

Direct drive wave energy conversion systems: an introduction
M Prado and H Polinder, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands
 - Introduction
 - Wave energy
 - Direct drive in wave energy
 - Conclusion
 - Acknowledgement
 - References

Case study of the Archimedes Wave Swing (AWS) direct drive wave energy pilot plant
M Prado and H Polinder, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands
 - Introduction
 - AWS wave energy converter
 - AWS pilot plant power take-off (PTO): design and construction
 - AWS pilot plant power take-off (PTO): test results
 - Conclusion
 - Acknowledgement
 - References

Application of high temperature superconducting machines to direct drive renewable energy systems
O Keysan, University of Edinburgh, UK
 - Introduction
 - Common superconducting wire materials
 - Advantages of superconducting machines
 - Challenges
 - Superconducting machine topologies
 - Direct drive applications
 - Application to wind turbines
 - Application to wave energy
 - Conclusion
 - References