This item is in: Textile > Intelligent and medical textiles

Biotextiles as medical implants

Edited by M W King, B S Gupta, North Carolina State University, USA and R Guidoin, Laval University Quebec, Canada

Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles No. 113

Textiles play a vital role in the manufacture of various medical implants including the replacement of diseased or non-functioning parts of the body. This book provides an invaluable single source of information on the main types of textile materials and products used for medical implants. The first series of chapters provide the reader with an overview of biotextile structures, the types of textiles used for medical implants and processing issues. The second group of chapters focus on the different types of biotextile implants, including sutures and cardiovascular implants.

Published in association with The Textile Institute

Approx. £150.00 / US$255.00 / €180.00

An e-book version of this title will be available from Woodhead Publishing Online. To view the current titles available visit Woodhead Publishing Online

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Contents

PART 1 TECHNOLOGIES
PART 2 APPLICATIONS

PART 1 TECHNOLOGIES

Manufacture, types and properties of biotextiles for medical applications
B S Gupta, North Carolina State University, USA
 - Introduction
 - Fiber structure
 - Formation of synthetic fibers
 - Processing of short (staple) and continuous (filament) fibers
 - Understanding structure in fibers
 - Fibrous materials used in medicine
 - Key fiber properties
 - Textile assemblies and their characteristics
 - Conclusion
 - Acknowledgements
 - Sources of further information and advice
 - References

Nanofiber structures for medical biotextiles
B S Gupta, North Carolina State University, USA and A K Moghe, Covidien, USA
 - Introduction
 - Techniques for producing nanofibers
 - The electrospinning process
 - Using electrospun poly(-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers as scaffolds for tissue engineering
 - Co-axial bicomponent nanofibers and their production
 - Case study: collagen/PCL bicomponent nanofiber scaffolds for engineering bone tissues
 - In vivo case study: engineering of blood vessels
 - Miscellaneous applications of co-axial nanofiber structures
 - Conclusion
 - References

Resorbable polymers for medical applications
S H Kim, Biomaterials Research Center, KIST and Korea University, South Korea and S-H Kim and Y Jung, Biomaterials Research Center, KIST, South Korea
 - Introduction
 - Polymer degradation
 - Mechanical properties of existing resorbable polymers
 - Mechano-active tissue engineering
 - Elastomeric properties of fiber forming copolymers
 - Elastomeric resorbable polymers for vascular tissue engineering
 - Conclusions and future trends
 - Sources of further information and advice
 - References

Shaped biotextiles for medical implants
B S Gupta, North Carolina State University, USA
 - Introduction
 - Vascular grafts: key developments
 - Knitting, weaving and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) technologies for producing tubular structures
 - Improving surface properties: velour construction
 - Multi-limbed grafts
 - Heat setting for a more resilient crimped circular configuration
 - Grafts with taper and varying diameter
 - Tubular structures for other devices: ligaments, hernia and prolapsed repair meshes
 - Three-dimensional textile structures
 - Performance requirements of implants in the body
 - Conclusion
 - Acknowledgements
 - References

Surface modification of biotextiles for medical applications
D Tessier, CTT Group, Canada
 - Introduction
 - Nano-coatings
 - Preparation of textile surfaces
 - Plasma technologies for surface treatment
 - Measuring surface properties of textiles: scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)
 - Testing antimicrobial coatings
 - Applications of surface treatments in medical textiles
 - Future trends
 - Sources of further information and advice
 - References

Sterilization techniques for biotextiles for medical applications
S W Shalaby, formerly of Poly-Med, Inc, USA and S D Nagatomi and E F Powell, Poly-Med, Inc, USA
 - Introduction
 - Bioburden and principles of sterilization
 - Traditional sterilization: advantages and disadvantages
 - Emerging and less traditional sterilization methods
 - Radiochemical sterilization (RCS)
 - Application of RCS technology
 - Conclusions and future trends
 - Sources of further information and advice
 - References

Regulation of biotextiles for medical use
E Duncan, Paladin Medical, Inc, USA
 - Introduction
 - US regulation of biotextiles
 - European Union (EU) regulation of biotextiles
 - Quality standards for biotextiles
 - The role of quality standards in the development of biotextiles
 - Safety issues with ‘me-too’ products with new intended uses
 - Dealing with cutting-edge technology
 - Conclusion
 - References

Retrieval studies for medical biotextiles
C R Gajjar and M W King, North Carolina State University, USA and R Guidoin, Laval University, Canada
 - Introduction
 - Standards and animal models for implant retrieval studies
 - Testing retrieved biotextile implants: harvesting, test planning, sample preparation and cleaning
 - Testing retrieved biotextile implants: analytical techniques
 - Specialized tests for specific retrieval studies
 - Precautions for retrieval studies
 - Limitations of retrieval studies
 - Conclusions and future trends
 - References

PART 2 APPLICATIONS

Drug delivery systems (DDS) using biotextiles
L-M Zhu and D G Yu, Donghua University, People’s Republic of China
 - Introduction
 - Types of drugs
 - Types of polymers
 - Technologies and fiber structures
 - Types of drug delivery systems (DDS)
 - Future trends
 - Acknowledgements
 - References

Types and properties of surgical sutures
C C Chu, Cornell University, USA
 - Introduction
 - Classification of suture materials
 - Essential properties of suture materials
 - Dyes and coatings to improve suture identification and properties
 - References
 - Appendix: Further information on sutures

Materials for absorbable and non-absorbable surgical sutures
C C Chu, Cornell University, USA
 - Introduction
 - Natural materials for absorbable sutures
 - Synthetic materials for absorbable sutures
 - Materials for non-absorbable sutures
 - Future trends
 - Sources of further information and advice
 - References
 - Appendix: Further information on sutures

Surgical knot performance in sutures
B S Gupta, North Carolina State University, USA
 - Introduction
 - Tensile properties of knotted sutures
 - Knot strength
 - Performance in dynamic tests
 - Knot security
 - Friction in sutures and friction based hypothesis of knot security
 - The use of lasers to improve knot security
 - The use of tissue adhesive to improve knot security
 - Conclusion
 - Acknowledgements
 - References

Barbed suture technology
N P Ingle, University of Minnesota, USA and H Cong and M W King, North Carolina State University, USA
 - Introduction
 - The development of barbed sutures
 - Materials for barbed sutures
 - Barbed suture design and manufacture
 - Testing and characterization
 - Properties of barbed sutures
 - Surgical techniques using barbed sutures
 - Applications of barbed sutures
 - Sources of further information and advice
 - Acknowledgement
 - References and further reading

Small diameter arterial grafts using biotextiles
B S Gupta, North Carolina State University, USA
 - Introduction
 - Understanding compliance
 - Tests for compliance
 - Testing compliance in practice: a case study
 - Engineering small diameter vascular grafts by weaving
 - Using elastomeric threads in constructing small diameter vascular grafts
 - Summary
 - Acknowledgements
 - References

Vascular prostheses for open surgery
R Guidoin, Laval University, Canada, M W King, North Carolina State University, USA, L Wang, Donghua University, People’s Republic of China, Z Zhang, Laval University, Canada, R Guzman, St Boniface General Hospital, Canada, G Marinov, Medical University of Varna, Bulgaria and Y Douville, Laval University, Canada
 - Introduction
 - Arterial pathologies
 - The development of modern vascular surgery
 - Vascular grafts of biological origin
 - Prostheses from synthetic polymers and biopolymers
 - Improving current vascular prostheses
 - Conclusion
 - References

Biotextiles as percutaneous heart valves
F Heim and B Durand, Université de Haute-Alsace, France and N Chakfé, Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France
 - Introduction
 - Heart valve replacement: critical issues
 - Textile valves: manufacturing requirements
 - Textile valves: in vitro performance
 - Textile valves: long-term performance
 - Textile valves: in vivo performance
 - Conclusions and future trends
 - References

Biotextiles as vena cava filters
H I Yoon, Athlone Institute of Technology, Ireland and H Cong and M W King, North Carolina State University, USA
 - Introduction
 - Current filters for embolic protection on the inferior vena cava
 - An ‘ideal’ inferior vena cava filter design
 - References

Biotextiles for atrial septal defect repair
L A Eadie, Intertek USA at Nike, USA and M W King, North Carolina State University, USA
 - Introduction
 - Anatomy and physiology of a normal functioning heart
 - Epidemiology, pathology, incidence and patient population of atrial septal defects (ASDs)
 - Historical methods of ASD repair
 - Current non-invasive treatments, therapies and devices used to repair ASDs
 - Advantages and disadvantages of the current technology
 - Future trends
 - Conclusion
 - Sources of further information and advice
 - References

Hemostatic wound dressings
C R Gajjar, M McCord and M W King, North Carolina State University, USA
 - Introduction
 - The importance of hemostatic textiles
 - Understanding the clotting of blood
 - Influence of foreign surfaces on blood clotting
 - Existing hemostatic materials
 - Future trends
 - References

Anterior cruciate ligament prostheses using biotextiles
M Laflamme, J Lamontagne and R Guidoin, Laval University, Canada
 - Introduction
 - Anatomy and structure of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
 - Biomechanics of the ACL
 - Clinical problems associated with the ACL
 - Diagnosis and treatment of ACL ruptures
 - Autograft for ACL reconstruction
 - Allograft for ACL reconstruction
 - Graft healing in ACL reconstruction surgery
 - The use of synthetic materials and prostheses in ACL reconstruction surgery
 - Complications with synthetic ligaments
 - Augmentation devices
 - Tissue engineering and scaffolds
 - Xenograft
 - Conclusion
 - References

Endovascular prostheses for aortic aneurysms: a new era for vascular surgery
G Marinov, Medical University of Varna, Bulgaria, R Guidoin, Laval University, Canada, L W Tse, University of Toronto, Canada, L Wang, Donghua University, People’s Republic of China and A A Ruthrauff, T Yao and M W King, North Carolina State University, USA
 - Introduction
 - History and advantages of stent grafts
 - Stent graft design and performance
 - Pre-fenestrated devices for juxtarenal aneurysms
 - Novel approaches to the treatment of juxtarenal and suprarenal aneurysms
 - Conclusions
 - References