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Coatings for biomedical applications

Edited by M Driver, Vertellus, UK

Woodhead Publishing Series in Biomaterials No. 37

 - provides an extensive review of coating types and surface modifications for biomedical applications
 - chapters look at hydrophilic coatings for biomedical applications in and ex vivo, mineral coatings for orthopaedic applications, pyrolytic carbon coating and other commonly-used biomedical coatings
 - presents case studies of orthopaedic and ophthalmic coatings, and biomedical applications including vascular stents, cardiopulomonary by-pass equipment and ventricular assist devices

The biomaterials sector is rapidly expanding and significant advances have been made in the technology of biomedical coatings and materials, which provide a means to improve the wear of joints, change the biological interaction between implant and host and combine the properties of various materials to improve device performance. Coatings for biomedical applications provides an extensive review of coating types and surface modifications for biomedical applications.

The first part of the book explores a range of coating types and their biomedical applications. Chapters look at hydrophilic, mineral and pyrolytic carbon coatings in and ex vivo orthopaedic applications and finally at surface modification and preparation techniques. Part two presents case studies of orthopaedic and ophthalmic coatings, and biomedical applications including vascular stents, cardiopulomonary by-pass equipment and ventricular assist devices.

With its clear structure and comprehensive review of research, Coatings for biomedical applications is a valuable resource to researchers, scientists and engineers in the biomedical industry. It will also benefit anyone studying or working within the biomedical sector, particularly those specialising in biomedical coatings.

ISBN 1 84569 568 2
ISBN-13: 978 1 84569 568 2
February 2012
376 pages  234 x 156mm  hardback  
£140.00 / US$240.00 / €170.00
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About the editor

Mike Driver is Biomaterials Business Director at Vertellus Specialties UK Ltd. He has been instrumental in the development of new materials for contact lenses and biocompatible coatings for medical devices.

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Contents

PART 1 COATING TYPES AND APPLICATIONS
PART 2 CASE STUDIES
PART 2 CASE STUDIES

PART 1 COATING TYPES AND APPLICATIONS

Hydrophilic coatings for biomedical applications in and ex vivo
P Wyman, DSM Biomedical Materials, The Netherlands
 - Introduction
 - Examples of hydrophilic coatings
 - Applications for hydrophilic coatings in the clinical environment (ex vivo)
 - Applications for hydrophilic coatings in the clinical environment (in vivo)
 - Conclusions and future trends
 - Sources of further information
 - References
 - Appendix: list of suppliers of hydrophilic coatings for biomedical devices

Hydrophilic coatings for biomedical applications in and ex vivo
P Wyman, DSM Biomedical Materials, The Netherlands
 - Introduction
 - Examples of hydrophilic coatings
 - Applications for hydrophilic coatings in the clinical environment (ex vivo)
 - Applications for hydrophilic coatings in the clinical environment (in vivo)
 - Conclusions and future trends
 - Sources of further information
 - References
 - Appendix: list of suppliers of hydrophilic coatings for biomedical devices

Mineral coatings for orthopaedic applications
S M Best and P C Marti, University of Cambridge, UK
 - Introduction
 - Important characteristics of mineral coatings
 - Coating methods
 - Clinical studies
 - Future trends
 - Sources of further information
 - References

Mineral coatings for orthopaedic applications
S M Best and P C Marti, University of Cambridge, UK
 - Introduction
 - Important characteristics of mineral coatings
 - Coating methods
 - Clinical studies
 - Future trends
 - Sources of further information
 - References

Other commonly-used biomedical coatings: pyrolytic carbon coatings
M Hassler, Tornier–Bioprofile, France
 - Introduction
 - Carbon solid materials
 - Carbon film coatings
 - Pyrolytic carbon coatings
 - References

Other commonly-used biomedical coatings: pyrolytic carbon coatings
M Hassler, Tornier–Bioprofile, France
 - Introduction
 - Carbon solid materials
 - Carbon film coatings
 - Pyrolytic carbon coatings
 - References

Electrochemical surface modifications of titanium and titanium alloys for biomedical applications
L De Nardo, L Altomare, B Del Curto, A Cigada and L Draghi, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
 - Introduction
 - Electrochemical treatments
 - Future trends in chemical and electrochemical treatments
 - Conclusions
 - Acknowledgements
 - References

Electrochemical surface modifications of titanium and titanium alloys for biomedical applications
L De Nardo, L Altomare, B Del Curto, A Cigada and L Draghi, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
 - Introduction
 - Electrochemical treatments
 - Future trends in chemical and electrochemical treatments
 - Conclusions
 - Acknowledgements
 - References

Surface preparation techniques for biomedical applications
J H Wang, Vertellus Specialties UK Ltd, UK
 - Introduction
 - Sonication
 - Mechanical polishing
 - Electropolishing
 - Chemical etching
 - Plasma treatment
 - Priming
 - Future trends
 - Sources of further information
 - References

Surface preparation techniques for biomedical applications
J H Wang, Vertellus Specialties UK Ltd, UK
 - Introduction
 - Sonication
 - Mechanical polishing
 - Electropolishing
 - Chemical etching
 - Plasma treatment
 - Priming
 - Future trends
 - Sources of further information
 - References

Characterization of biomedical coatings
M Yaseen, B J Cowsill and J R Lu, University of Manchester, UK
 - Introduction
 - Surfaces, concepts and techniques
 - Contact angle
 - Analysis of adhesion
 - Scanning probe microscopy
 - Confocal microscopy
 - Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy
 - Spectroscopic methods
 - Optical detection methods
 - Neutron reflectivity
 - Other techniques
 - Future trends
 - Sources of further information
 - References

Characterization of biomedical coatings
M Yaseen, B J Cowsill and J R Lu, University of Manchester, UK
 - Introduction
 - Surfaces, concepts and techniques
 - Contact angle
 - Analysis of adhesion
 - Scanning probe microscopy
 - Confocal microscopy
 - Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy
 - Spectroscopic methods
 - Optical detection methods
 - Neutron reflectivity
 - Other techniques
 - Future trends
 - Sources of further information
 - References

PART 2 CASE STUDIES

PART 2 CASE STUDIES

Coatings for cardiovascular devices: coronary stents
M Driver, Vertellus Specialties UK Ltd, UK
 - Introduction: heart disease and its treatments
 - Artery structure and mechanism of restenosis
 - Commercial drug-eluting stent (DES) systems
 - Increased use of DES and concerns surrounding stent thrombosis
 - Second generation DES systems
 - Other approaches and future trends
 - References

Coatings for cardiovascular devices: coronary stents
M Driver, Vertellus Specialties UK Ltd, UK
 - Introduction: heart disease and its treatments
 - Artery structure and mechanism of restenosis
 - Commercial drug-eluting stent (DES) systems
 - Increased use of DES and concerns surrounding stent thrombosis
 - Second generation DES systems
 - Other approaches and future trends
 - References

Coatings for cardiovascular devices: extracorporeal circuits
L K von Segesser, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Switzerland
 - Background to coatings for extracorporeal circulation
 - Coatings for left-heart bypass
 - Coatings for cardio-pulmonary bypass
 - Coatings for mechanical circulatory support
 - Coatings for other devices in cardiothoracic surgery
 - References
 - Appendix: Frequently-used components for extracorporeal circuits with surface modifications

Coatings for cardiovascular devices: extracorporeal circuits
L K von Segesser, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Switzerland
 - Background to coatings for extracorporeal circulation
 - Coatings for left-heart bypass
 - Coatings for cardio-pulmonary bypass
 - Coatings for mechanical circulatory support
 - Coatings for other devices in cardiothoracic surgery
 - References
 - Appendix: Frequently-used components for extracorporeal circuits with surface modifications

Surface coatings for ventricular assist devices
D-C Sin, H-L Kei and X Miao, Queensland University of Technology, Australia
 - Introduction
 - Ventricular assist devices (VADs)
 - Hemocompatible surface coatings for VADs
 - Future trends
 - Conclusions
 - References

Surface coatings for ventricular assist devices
D-C Sin, H-L Kei and X Miao, Queensland University of Technology, Australia
 - Introduction
 - Ventricular assist devices (VADs)
 - Hemocompatible surface coatings for VADs
 - Future trends
 - Conclusions
 - References

Orthopaedic coatings
I G Turner, University of Bath, UK
 - History of joint replacement
 - Development of joint replacement prostheses
 - Development of cementless fixation
 - Thermal spray techniques
 - Coating characteristics
 - Alternative coating methods
 - Clinical experience
 - Acknowledgements
 - References

Orthopaedic coatings
I G Turner, University of Bath, UK
 - History of joint replacement
 - Development of joint replacement prostheses
 - Development of cementless fixation
 - Thermal spray techniques
 - Coating characteristics
 - Alternative coating methods
 - Clinical experience
 - Acknowledgements
 - References

Surface coatings in urology
D J Stickler, Cardiff University, UK
 - Introduction
 - Indwelling bladder catheters
 - Biofilm formation on implanted urological devices
 - Challenges in controlling catheter-associated urinary tract infection
 - Developments in antimicrobial catheters
 - The catheter encrustation problem
 - Ureteric stents
 - Conclusions
 - References

Surface coatings in urology
D J Stickler, Cardiff University, UK
 - Introduction
 - Indwelling bladder catheters
 - Biofilm formation on implanted urological devices
 - Challenges in controlling catheter-associated urinary tract infection
 - Developments in antimicrobial catheters
 - The catheter encrustation problem
 - Ureteric stents
 - Conclusions
 - References

Ophthalmic coatings
H Sheardown and L Subbaramam, McMaster University, Canada
 - Introduction
 - Contact lenses
 - Artificial cornea
 - Intraocular lens
 - Conclusions
 - References

Ophthalmic coatings
H Sheardown and L Subbaramam, McMaster University, Canada
 - Introduction
 - Contact lenses
 - Artificial cornea
 - Intraocular lens
 - Conclusions
 - References

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